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291673 Afinal O Que E Defensivo Agricola E Como Fazer Sua Aplicacao

Afinal, o que é defensivo agrícola e como fazer sua aplicação?

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Published in: Agricultura

Uma das formas de garantir o aumento da produção no campo é usar defensivo agrícola. Porém, como trata-se de um produto químico, ele requer atenção especial durante sua aplicação, que deve ser seguida à risca.

De acordo com a definição do Ministério da Agricultura, são considerados defensivos os produtos ou agentes de processos químicos, biológicos ou físicos, usados na produção, beneficiamento ou armazenamento de produtos agrícolas. Em outras palavras, são os agrotóxicos responsáveis em exterminar as mais variadas pragas da lavoura.

Para explicar melhor sobre o seu uso, aplicações e modos de garantir melhor produtividade no campo, preparamos este artigo para tirar todas as suas dúvidas. Leia agora mesmo!

Quais são os tipos de defensivo agrícola?

O primeiro passo ao querer conhecer o que são os defensivos agrícolas é saber suas diferenças. Na agricultura atual de larga escala, são aplicados os seguintes tipos:

  • inseticidas — atuam no controle e prevenção de insetos considerados como pragas, que causam danos a plantações;

  • fungicidas — agem no controle, cura e prevenção da ação de fungos, que surgem principalmente em razão da variação climática existente no Brasil;

  • herbicidas — atuam na dessecação de culturas, agindo em plantas consideradas como daninhas.

Quem são os maiores consumidores?

O Brasil é líder no uso de defensivos agrícolas, além de ser o terceiro maior exportador agrícola do mundo. Estima-se que, todos os anos, são usados 7,3 litros de veneno para cada brasileiro.

Já quando é considerada a proporção territorial em relação à quantidade de agrotóxicos, o Brasil cai para sétimo lugar, conforme pesquisa feita pela Unesp, ficando atrás de países como Japão, Alemanha, França e Reino Unido.

Quais são as medidas importantes a respeito?

O defensivo é necessário para garantir a produção de grãos em grande escala no Brasil. Porém, seu uso requer atenção e a adoção de certas medidas permite, inclusive, que ele seja reduzido sem comprometer o resultado final da colheita. Confira.

Invista em sementes tratadas

Uma das maneiras de garantir mais segurança à lavoura e reduzir os gastos com aplicação de defensivos agrícolas é utilizar sementes tratadas, que podem ser feitas diretamente pelo produtor rural ou compradas da indústria.

Sementes de soja, milho, algodão, trigo, arroz, feijão, amendoim, entre outras, costumam já contar com defensivos contra pragas, doenças e nematoides. Isso garante a proteção da lavoura desde o momento da germinação da semente.

Diversifique

Um modo de reduzir o uso de defensivos é diversificar a produção, plantando várias culturas de forma rotacionada. Assim, muitas das pragas não conseguem se desenvolver, já que são específicas de determinada cultura.

Não aplique mais defensivo que o indicado

Se não tiver como evitar o defensivo, jamais aplique uma quantidade além da indicada na bula do produto. Como trata-se de um item químico, o excesso pode causar danos à plantação e uma dose insuficiente pode não fazer o efeito necessário e não exterminar as pragas.

Invista em tecnologias

Com o uso de tecnologias no campo, é possível otimizar a aplicação e reduzir a quantidade de defensivos. São várias as existentes no mercado, como as de monitoramento das pragas, que indicam o melhor momento da aplicação, e o georreferenciamento, que analisa pontos por amostragem, apontando quais áreas necessitam de maior ou menor aplicação.

Use depósitos de semente no campo

Outra maneira de garantir maior proteção às sementes, agilizando o processo de plantio e tendo um local seguro para seu armazenamento, é utilizar depósitos de semente. Para isso, o mais indicado são os containers. Eles têm uma importância extra para os agricultores que dependem de um local acessível e prático para estocá-las.

Os containers permitem o controle de temperatura e umidade além de serem hermeticamente fechados, impedindo o acesso de roedores. No mais, contam com a vantagem de serem facilmente transportados para perto da lavoura no momento do plantio, conferindo mais agilidade ao processo.

Como você viu, a defensivo agrícola é um item importante para a qualidade e quantidade de grãos produzidos no Brasil nos dias atuais. Porém, devem ser tomados alguns cuidados para que seja usada sempre a quantidade certa.

Compartilhe este post agora mesmo nas suas redes sociais para permitir que mais pessoas tirem suas dúvidas e conheçam a importância do defensivo agrícola no meio rural.

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